Hoʻohana mau ʻia nā kila kila SS316 no nā ala hao i hoʻokomo ʻia ma kahi kokoke i nā loko a i ʻole nā kai.ʻO SS304 nā mea maʻamau i loko a i waho paha.
E like me nā māka kumu AISI ʻAmelika, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa kūpono ma waena o 304 a i ʻole 316 a me 304L a i ʻole 316L ʻo ia ka ʻike kalapona.
ʻO nā pae kalapona he 0.08% kiʻekiʻe no 304 a me 316 a me 0.030% kiʻekiʻe no nā ʻano 304L a me 316L.
ʻO nā pae mea ʻē aʻe a pau ua like loa ia (ʻo ka nickel range no 304 he 8.00-10.50% a no 304L 8.00-12.00%).
ʻElua mau kila ʻEulopa o ke ʻano '304L', 1.4306 a me 1.4307.ʻO ka 1.4307 ka ʻokoʻa i hāʻawi pinepine ʻia, ma waho o Kelemānia.Loaʻa i ka 1.4301 (304) a me 1.4307 (304L) nā pae kalapona he 0.07% ka nui a me ka 0.030% ka nui.Ua like nā pae chromium a me nickel, nickel no nā papa ʻelua he 8% ka liʻiliʻi.ʻO 1.4306 ka helu Kelemānia a loaʻa iā 10% ka liʻiliʻi Ni.Hoʻemi kēia i ka maʻiʻo ferrite o ke kila a ua ʻike ʻia he pono no kekahi mau hana kemika.
ʻO nā māka ʻEulopa no nā ʻano 316 a me 316L, 1.4401 a me 1.4404, pili i nā mea āpau me nā pae kalapona o 0.07% ka nui no 1.4401 a me 0.030% ka nui no 1.4404.Aia kekahi mau mana kiʻekiʻe Mo (2.5% liʻiliʻi Ni) o 316 a me 316L ma ka ʻōnaehana EN, 1.4436 a me 1.4432.No ka hoʻopiʻi hou ʻana i nā mea, aia nō ka papa 1.4435 i kiʻekiʻe ma Mo (2.5% ka liʻiliʻi) a ma Ni (12.5% ka liʻiliʻi).
Ka hopena o ke kalapona i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion
Ua hoʻokumu 'ia nā 'variants' haʻahaʻa (316L) ma ke ʻano he mau mea ʻokoʻa i ka 'standard' (316) carbon range grade no ka lanakila ʻana i ka pilikia o ka intercrystalline corrosion (weld decay), i ʻike ʻia he pilikia i nā lā mua o ka noi keia mau kila.Hiki i kēia ke hopena inā paʻa ke kila ma kahi mahana wela 450 a 850 ° C no nā manawa o kekahi mau minuke, e pili ana i ka mahana a ma hope e ʻike ʻia i nā kaiapuni corrosive koʻikoʻi.Hana ʻia ka corrosion ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā palena ʻai.
Inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kalapona ma lalo o 0.030% a laila ʻaʻole e hana ʻia kēia corrosion intercrystalline ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o kēia mau mahana, ʻoi aku hoʻi no ke ʻano o nā manawa maʻamau i ʻike ʻia i ka wahi wela o nā welds i nā ʻāpana 'mānoanoa' o ke kila.
Ka hopena o ka pae kalapona ma ka weldability
Aia ka mana'o e ma'alahi ka wili'ana i nā'ano kalapona ha'aha'a ma mua o nā'ano kalapona ma'amau.
Me he mea lā ʻaʻohe kumu maopopo no kēia a pili paha nā ʻokoʻa i ka ikaika haʻahaʻa o ke ʻano kalapona haʻahaʻa.Hiki ke ma'alahi ka hana 'ana a me ka hana 'ana i ke 'ano kalapona ha'aha'a, a ma ia hope aku, hiki ke ho'opilikia i ke koena o ke ko'iko'i i waiho 'ia i ke kila ma hope o ka hana 'ana a ho'opono 'ia no ka wili.Hiki paha kēia i nā ʻano kalapona 'maʻamau' e pono ai ka ikaika e hoʻopaʻa iā lākou i ke kūlana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ke kuʻi ʻana, me ka ʻoi aku o ka manaʻo e hoʻi i hope inā ʻaʻole paʻa pono i kahi.
Hoʻokumu ʻia nā mea hoʻohana wili no nā ʻano ʻelua ma kahi hui kalapona haʻahaʻa, e pale aku i ka pōʻino intercrystalline i loko o ka weld nugget paʻa a i ʻole mai ka laha ʻana o ke kalapona i loko o ka metala makua (hoʻopuni).
ʻAlua-hōʻoia o ka haʻahaʻa kalapona haku kila
ʻO nā kila i hana ʻia ma ke kālepa, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana kila o kēia manawa, ua hana pinepine ʻia e like me ke ʻano kalapona haʻahaʻa e like me ke ʻano ma muli o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka mana o ka hana kila hou.Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia nā huahana kila i hoʻopau ʻia i ka mākeke 'ʻelua i hōʻoia ʻia' i nā inoa papa ʻelua no ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā mea hana e hōʻike ana i kēlā me kēia papa, i loko o kahi maʻamau.
304 ʻAno
BS EN 10088-2 1.4301 / 1.4307 i ka maʻamau ʻEulopa.
ASTM A240 304 / 304L A I ʻole ASTM A240 / ASME SA240 304 / 304L i nā kūlana moku ʻAmelika.
316 ʻAno
BS EN 10088-2 1.4401 / 1.4404 i ka maʻamau ʻEulopa.
ASTM A240 316 / 316L A I ʻole ASTM A240 / ASME SA240 316 / 316L, i nā kūlana moku kaomi ʻAmelika.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-19-2020